Retroperitoneal space (retroperitoneum) is the anatomical space behind the peritoneum in the abdominal wall, which contain retroperitoneal organ.
Retroperitoneal space is an area in the back of abdomen behind the peritoneum (tissue that lines abdominal wall and cover organs in the abdomen).
Subdivision of Retroperitoneum
The retroperitoneum is subdivided into three distinct compartments. Each compartment (space) contains parts of various organs and structures.
1. Perirenal (or perinephric) space
2. Anterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
3. Posterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
1. Perirenal (or perinephric) space
Perirenal space is the largest of the three subdivision of retroperitoneum. It bounded by anterior and posterior leaves of renal fascia.
Perinephric space contains the following organs-
Adrenal gland
Kidney
Renal vessels
Perirenal fat, also called the "adipose capsule of the kidney"
Rich network of perirenal vessel and lymphatics vessels
2. Anterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
Anterior pararenal space bounded by posterior layer of peritoneum and anterior leaf of renal fascia. It contains the following organs-
Pancreas
Duodenum
Ascending and descending colon
3. Posterior pararenal (or paranephric) space
Posterior pararenal space is bounded by posterior leaf of renal fascia and muscles of posterior abdominal wall.
It contains pararenal fat, also called paranephric body, or pararenal fat body.
Ureter
Inferior vena cava
Aorta
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