Tube Feeding
Tube feeding used when patient having trouble in swallowing or can't eat or drink enough through mouth of critically ill patients.
Types of Tube Feeding
A. Enteral nutrition tube feeding
Liquid food (feed) directly into the stomach or small bowel (small intestine).
1.Nasogastric feeding tube (NG)
Feeding tube insert through the nose, down the oesophagus and into the stomach.
2.Orogastric feeding tube (OG)
Feeding tube inserted through a child's mouth, through the oropharynx, through the oesophagus and into the stomach.
3. Nasoduodenal feeding tube (ND)
Feeding tube indert through the nose, down the oesophagus, through the stomach and into the first part of small intestine (duodenum).
4. Nasojejunal feeding tube (NJ)
Feeding tube insert through the nose, down the oesophagus, through the stomach and into the small intestine (jejunum).
5. Gastrostomy tube
Tube is placed directly into the stomach through a small incision in the abdomen's skin.
For example;
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)
Radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG)
6. Jejunostomy tube
Tube placed through the stomach and into the small intestine (jejunum) (PEG-J) or directly into the small intestine (jejunum) (JEJ) through a small incision in the abdomen's skin.
For example;
Surgical jejunostomy (JEJ)
Percutaneous endoscopic transgastric jejunostomy (PEG-J)
B. Parenteral nutrition
Parenteral nutrition is when feed directly administered into a vein (intravenously) via bloodstream.
1. Partial parenteral nutrition (PPN)
Delivered only part of daily nutritional requirement, supplementing oral intake.
For example; Dextrose, Amino acids solutions
2. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
Complete nutrition delivered intravenously. Supplying all daily nutritional requirements.
3. Central parenteral nutrition (CPN)
Delivered through a central vein; usually, the superior vena cava located under your collarbone, which goes directly to your heart. CPN is used to deliver total parenteral nutrition.
4. Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)
Delivered through a smaller or peripheral vein. PPN is used to provide partial parenteral nutrition.
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