Role of Nurse in Infection Control/ Hospital Infection Control
(Prevention of Nosocomial Infection)
Every major hospital has infection control team and infection control programme to control infection.
1. Sterilization techniques
2. Causative diagnosis
3. Isolation of infected patient
4. Disposal of Biomedical waste
5. Proper sterilization and disinfection
6. Hand hygiene principle
7. Cleaning of article
8. PPE (personal protective equipment)
Gown technique, face masks, glove, eye shield.
Prevent Transmission of Infection
1. Follow policies; use of disinfectant and hygiene practices.
2. Identification of infected areas
3. Keeping records
4. Review microbiological data
5. Keeping hospital environment infection free
6. Tracking source of Infection
7. Maintaining records and monitoring
8. Education
9. Wearing Personal Protective Equipment
10. Handle with care
1. Hand hygiene principle
By explaining the importance of hand washing to patient and all those who come in contact with patients; staff, nurse, relative.
It really reduced the load of bacteria and thus reducing the chances of transfer of Infection from one patient to another.
2. Isolation of Infected Patient
Isolation of Infected patients.
Disease such as; Chicken pox, measles, typhoid, fever, meningitis, HIV, TB, Blood infection.
Must arrange placing of patient disease name cards on the doors of the patient.
Monitoring the type of isolation and instructions for visitors and nursing staff
3. Proper sterilization and disinfectant
Chemical disinfectant can kill bacteria.
Sterilization destroy spores and bacteria.
Completely infection free including bacterial spores.
All equipments should be completely infection free
Reusable item should be sterilized.
For example; Bedsheet
4. Handling with care
Prevent needle stick injury
Considering all blood and body fluids sample as infectious and thus handle them with care.
Handling of blood fluids, secretions, excretion etc using sterilized gloves.
Collect sample carefully.
Use aseptic technique while inserting cannula.
Proper discard of biomedical waste.
5. Wearing Personal Protective Equipments (PPE)
Wearing of PPE (mask, gown, eye shield, gloves, shoe cap) during any procedure like to splash of body fluids and secretions etc.
To prevent from infection from patient.
6. Disposal of Biomedical waste
1. Solid waste
2. Liquid waste
Application of discard biomedical waste.
Segregated bio waste material.
For example; sharp waste, cottons, gloves, vial, needle
First disinfect needle then go for biomedical waste.
7. Infection Control committee (ICC)
Practically following the policies of infection control committee of the hospital regarding use of disinfectants and hygiene practices.
8. Sterilization technique
Proper sterilization of reusable items.
Go for sterilization; bed, pillow, towel.
Use different types of sterilization method according to equipment.
9. Prevent transmission of Infection
Carefully handling of soiled linen and bodily fluids.
Restricting the entry of number of attendants of patient.
10. Identify the infected area
Find area of Infection.
Identification of areas of hospital showing infection risk and act to remove hazards of Infections.
11. Tracking source of Infection
Assist in identifying carriers and tracking source of infection and preventing transmission of disease.
12. Education/Teaching
Teaching of Infection control, isolation etc to employees at all levels.
Making the patients to understand to avoid the overuse of antibiotics.
Explaining them about infection, differences between viruses and disease causing organism.
Educate them bad effects of antibiotic over use and body immunity.
13. Maintaining record and monitoring
Maintaining record of all environmental culturing and surveillance.
In record mentioned date, time, mark, name, area with signature. Include Infection regarding all details.
14. Review microbiological data
Review of the microbiological data and note the significant findings.
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