Blood Collection – Blood Sampling
Blood collection or collecting a specimen sample involves
the drawing of blood used for
laboratory testing.
Blood specimen collection or collecting blood specimens
is a blood sample is taken by a
healthcare provider in a laboratory or hospital setting for
laboratory analysis or a blood sample is sent
to a laboratory for analysis.
To collect blood specimens Blood collection tube is used
for collecting blood samples.
Check out here what different types of blood collection tubes are?
What is Phlebotomy?
Phlebotomy is a procedure to take blood samples in which makes a
puncture in a vein to take blood from a vein usually in the arm. A needle is used
for the purpose of drawing blood for laboratory testing.
Phlebotomy procedure
is also known as Venipuncture.
Methods of Blood Collection
There are three popular methods of blood collection-
1. Arterial Sampling
2.Venipuncture/ Venepuncture
Sampling
3. Fingerstick Sampling
For proper needle selection for blood
specimens, check out here what types
of medical needles available are.
1. Arterial Sampling
An arterial blood sample is collected from an artery,
primarily to analyze arterial blood gases (ABG), taken from the radial artery.
The radial artery is the preferred site for arterial puncture to draw out samples.
If a blood
sample is drawn from the wrist, the health care provider has to first check the
pulse.
The arterial blood sample can be taken either through a
catheter placed in an artery or by inserting a needle and syringe to puncture
an artery.
Arterial Blood Sampling Site
An arterial blood sample is usually drawn from an
artery in the wrist. Blood may also be taken from an artery on the inside of
the elbow, groin.
Complications related to Arterial Blood Sampling
1. Arteriospasm or involuntary contraction of the
artery
2. Haematoma or excessive bleeding
3. Nerve damage
4. Fainting or a vasovagal response
2. Venipuncture Sampling/Venepuncture Sampling
The collection of blood takes place from a superficial vein in
the upper limb, which means the vein is close to the skin.
A tourniquet belt is placed on the upper arm during blood collection.
Venipuncture or venepuncture or phlebotomy
is the procedure of obtaining intravenous access for the purpose of venous
blood sampling or intravenous therapy.
Complication related to Venepuncture Sampling
1. Thrombosis
2. Infection
3. Damage to adjacent tissue
4. Arterial puncture
5. Bleeding, Bruising, haematoma
3. Fingerstick Sampling/ Skin puncture
Fingerstick or fingerprick sampling involves taking a very
small amount of blood from the patient, usually making
the puncture from the end of a finger.
Capillary blood sampling is a way of doing blood tests; the term refers to a finger
prick or a heel prick.
In Adult
In adults, a blood sample is taken from the side of ring or middle finger, or ear lobe.
In an adult patient preferred site is the finger for the
capillary testing.
In infants
In infants, a blood sample is obtained from the sides of the
heel, or the great toe is only used in paediatric and neonatal patients.
Complications that can Arise in Capillary Sampling
1. Localized necrosis
2. Haematoma
3. Scarring
4. Nerve damage if the fingers of neonates are punctured
5. Excessive
squeezing will cause contamination of the arterialized blood with venous blood (transform
venous blood into arterial blood by oxygenation) or interstitial fluid or can dilute
the specimen with tissue fluid.
Get details on what are different types
of syringe tips available.
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