Difference between Active and Passive immunity
Active immunity
1. It is produced actively by immune system of host.
2. Induced by infection or by contact with immunogen.
3. Immune response in durable and effective protection.
4. Immunity develops only after a lag phase.
5. Immunological memory is present
6. Negative phase may occur.
7. It is not applicable in immunodeficient host.
8. Used as prophylaxis to increase resistance of body.
9. The Immunity may be acquired from mother.
10. Both cell mediated and humoral immunity take part.
11. Booster effect on subsequent dose.
12. It has no Side effects.
13. It provides relief after long period.
Passive immunity
1. It is received passively by the host. No participation by host's immune system.
2. It is conferred by introduction of vaccine.
For example; readymade antibodies
3. It is short lived and less effective.
4. Immunity develops immediately with no lag phase.
5. No immunological memory
6. No negative phase
7. It is applicable in immune deficient host.
8. Used for treatment to acute infection.
9. The Immunity is not inherited.
10. Exclusively humoral immunity is involved.
11. Subsequent dose less effective.
12. It may cause reaction.
13. It provides immediate relief.
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