Elements of Biomedical Waste Management
1. Separation; segregation
2. Identification; different color coded bags
3. Handling; collection, measurement, codes, storage and transport
4. Treatment; off site and onsite
5. Waste reduction; by shredding, incineration
6. Disposal
1. Separation
Good segregation practice.
Decrease in amount of total biomedical waste.
Waste kept separated in proper container or bag.
Obsoved by or concerned with medical officer as well as nursing staff.
2. Identification
Color coding and type of container for disposal of Biomedical waste.
The colour coding and type of container for disposal of biomedical waste will be made according to schedule as given;
Color coding of Biomedical waste segregation
1. Yellow
2. Red
3. Blue
4. White
5. Black
6. Green
1. Yellow
Waste category; human antomical, gloves, swabs,
2. Red
Waste category; plastic waste
3. Blue
Waste category; Glasses
4. White
Waste category; sharps Waste, needle, insuline syringes attach needle
5. Black
Waste category; Discarded medicines, cytotoxics drugs
6. Green; food wrappers, medicine cover.
Bio medical waste bags and sharpe container should be filled up to 75%. When a bag or container sealed, indicates;
Waterproof pen/ markers used.
1. Name of department
2. Types of waste and it's content/ composition
3. Person responsible and her/his designation, date, shift time.
3. Handling
While transporting the biomedical waste within hospital following point to be observed;
1. Container/ bag closed during transportation
2. Carts should smooth surface easy to clean
3. Waste bag/ container never dragged on floor
4. Cart washed daily with water/ detergent/ disinfectants
5. Waste never transferred from one container to another
While handling BMW, following rules are followed;
1. Avoided direct contact with waste
2. Waste bag close daily
3. Waste bag not overfilled
4. Waste handler should be trained and aware
5. Avoid injuries and accidents
6. Waste not emptied into other bags
4. Treatment
1. Mechanical process; Compaction, crushed, shredding
2. Thermal process; Use of heat decontaminate or destroy medical waste.
Autoclave; Heat and pressure
Hydroclave; pressurized with water
Incineration; burn in heat; aahes
3. Biological process
Use enzymes
4. Chemical process
Chemical treatment, chemical disinfection.
5. Irradiation process
Ionizing radiation, sterilized medical waste
5. Disposal
Biomedical waste can be disposed off in several ways in treatment.
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