Trichomonas Vaginalis

 Trichomonas Vaginalis 

Trichomonas Vaginalis cause disease called trichomoniasis.

Trichomoniasis is most common sexually transmitted infections, caused by parasite.

Trichomonas classified into three species according to their habitats.

1. Trichomonas Vaginalis

Inhabiting female genital tract, also found in urinary tract of males and females.

2. Trichomonas tenax

Inhabiting oral cavity

3. Trichomonas Hominis

Inhabiting ileocacecal region.

Source and Modes of Transmission

It is sexually transmitted disease in man.

Vaginal and urethral secretion of patient are major source of infection.

Pathogenesis and clinical significance

Parasite enter in human body through sexual contact.

When parasite enter in human body, it produce different type of symptoms in male and female.

In females;

Parasite causes inflammation of vagina, vulva and cervix, accompanied by copious, yellowish, malodorous discharge.

In male;

It infect male urethra, prostate and seminal vesicles, producing white discharge.

1. Infective of trichomonas Vaginalis is trophozoites (only single stage occur).

2. Man is only single host and parasite transmitted from person to person by sexual contact.

Morphology

Trichomonas Vaginalis exist only in trophozoite phase and there is no cystic phase.

Shape and Size

They are pear shaped and measure 10-12 micrometre in length.

Laboratory Diagnosis

Specimen collection

Include vaginal and urethral secretion

Direct microscopic examination of parasite 

Show concentration of parasite is high. 

Culture on NNN media

Parasite is in if low concentration, can't be observed and can be seen only by culture on NNN medium.

Treatment

Sexual partners should be treated with metronidazole.