Amniotic cavity/ Amnion and Amniotic fluid
Amniotic fluid; related to gestational age
50ml at 12 weeks
400ml at 20 weeks
1000ml at 36-38 weeks
At term; 600-800 ml
At post term; 200 ml at 43 week
Color
In early pregnancy; colourless
Near term; pale coloured due to presence of exfoliated lanugo.
Epidermal cells rom fetal skin.
Look turbid due to the presence of vernix caseosa.
Abnormal color;
1. Meconium stained/green; fetal distress
2. Golden colour; in Rh incompatibility is due to excessive hemolysis of fetal RBC and production of excess bilirubin.
3. Greenish yellow (saffron); post maturity
4. Dark coloured; accidental hemorrhage due to contamination of blood.
5. Dark brown (tobacco juice)
Presence of old fetal material.
Composition
1. Organic
Protein, Glucose, Urea, Uric acid, Creatinine
Hormones; prolactin, insulin, renin
2. Inorganic
Sodium, chloride, potassium
3. Suspended particles include;
Lanugo (soft hair), exfoliated epithelium, cell from fetal skin, vernix caseosa
Functions
1. Shock absorber
2. Protecting fetus from extraneous injury
3. Maintain temperature
4. Allow free movement of fetus and allow for growth and prevent adhesion between fetal parts and amniotic sac
During labor
1. Amnion and chorion form pressure help in dilatation of cervix
2. During iterine contraction,nit prevent interference with placental circulation, membrane remain intact.
3. Flushes birth canal end of first stage of labor by its aseptic and bactericidal action
4. Protect fetus and prevent ascending infection to uterine cavity
Clinical Importance
1. Polyhydramnios
2. Oligohyromnios
3. Repture of membrane with drainage of liquor method in induction of labour.
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