Sphygmomanometer - BP Apparatus
A
sphygmomanometer is an instrument used to measure blood pressure which is also
known as a BP apparatus blood
pressure meter or blood pressure gauge or blood pressure monitor.
The word sphygmomanometer is derived from the Greek word
"sphygmos" which means beating of the heart or the pulse.
This device is used to measure one of the primary vital
signs; blood pressure.
To know the normal blood pressure, low blood pressure, and
high blood pressure, Check out what is blood
pressure range is.
The sphygmomanometer instrument has an inflatable cuff that is wrapped around the upper arm and is connected to an apparatus that records
pressure.
Measuring unit, for example, aneroid gauge; a manual instrument
in which listening with a stethoscope to the brachial artery.
The mechanism for inflation may be operated electrically or manually operated
bulb and valve.
Parts of Sphygmomanometer
5 Parts of the sphygmomanometer are-
1. Bladder
2. Cuff
3. Valve
4. Bulb
5. Manometer
1. Bladder
The bladder is an inflatable bag, when filled squeeze the arms
to block the artery or used to compress the arm to occlude the artery.
2. Cuff
The cuff has an inflatable rubber bladder that is tied
around the upper arm.
Cuff is designed to hold the bladder around the upper arm
during the measurement. It inflated to stop the flow of blood in the artery. A pressure
meter indicates the cuff’s pressure.
3. Valve
Valve allows for controlled deflation of the cuff and it is
important for accurate measurement.
Recheck the valve to prevent air from escaping during the
air pump.
4. Bulb
A small, handheld air pump inflated the blood pressure
inside the cuff.
5. Manometer
It is the part of the sphygmomanometer that measures the
blood pressure in mmHg.
Aneroid gauge is a pressure measurement device. It is attached to
the cuff with tubing. It is a watch-like movement when the air pressure is applied
to the cuff.
In Aneroid device, it converts the cuff pressure to gauge pressure.
Types of Sphygmomanometer
3 major types of sphygmomanometers are –
1. Mercury sphygmomanometer
2. Aneroid sphygmomanometer
3. Digital sphygmomanometer
1. Mercury Sphygmomanometer
Mercury
sphygmomanometer used is the most common type of sphygmomanometer.
In this
device, the blood pressure reading is measured by looking at the movement of the
mercury tube.
Mercury
sphygmomanometers manually operated devices consisting of inflatable cuffs that
are attached to measuring units with mercury-infused tubes.
2. Aneroid Sphygmomanometer
The term Aneroid means “without
liquid’, this type of BP apparatus doesn’t make use of any mercury.
In the Aneroid device, the cuff is
attached to a dial gauge with tubing.
Aneroid gauge head are mechanical
parts that convert the cuff pressure into gauge-based reading.
Types of Aneroid Sphygmomanometer
According to use, there are different types of aneroid
sphygmomanometer, they are-
1. Pocket-aneroid sphygmomanometer
2. Palm aneroid sphygmomanometer
3. Clock-style aneroid sphygmomanometer
3. Digital Sphygmomanometer
A digital sphygmomanometer is a
sphygmomanometer that uses an electronic pressure sensor to measure blood pressure
electronically, readings are presented on a digital display.
Digital sphygmomanometers the most advanced
sphygmomanometer. It works of an electronic sensor to measure the blood
pressure and the readings are displayed on the digital monitor.
How to Use Sphygmomanometers
Below are the steps to measure the blood pressure-
1. Know basic knowledge of blood
pressure readings, normal blood reading is 120/80mmHg.
2. Use proper-sized cuffs
3. Properly place the cuff on the upper arm
4. Press the stethoscope bell over the brachial artery which is below the cuff’s edge
Know the parts
of Stethoscope.
5. Inflate the cuff
6. Release the air from the cuff
7. Listen listening with the help of a stethoscope and observe the gauge
8. Note the blood pressure reading
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