Referred pain
In many instances, visceral pain is perceived to occurs in superficial tissues remote from its site of origin (somatic). This is called referred pain.
For an example, ischemic heart tissue generates impulse in nerve that then stimulate nerve X and pain is perceived in shoulder.
Tissue of origin of pain Site of referred pain
Heart. Left shoulder
Liver, biliary tract. Right shoulder
Kidney. Loin and groin
Ureters Loin and groin
Uterus. Low back
Male genitalia. Low abdomen
Prolapsed intervertebral disc, leg
Pancreas, pain in back
Heart attack, triggering pain in jaw
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