Structure of Compact Bone
Bone contains cylinders of calcified bone known as osteons/ haversian systems.
Haversian System/ Osteons
Central canal with it's surrounding lamellae, lacunae, osteocytes and canaliculi forms an osteon.
1. Central canal/ haversian canal
Inside each osteon is a space, called central canal.
In the center of osteon are central canal, longitudinal channels that contain blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels.
2. Concentric lamellae layer
Osteons are made up of concentric layer of lamellae of bone.
Lamellae are articular layer or rings of hard, calcified bone matrix that surround a common center, central canal.
Lacunae
Lamellae contains lacunae or little spaces which contains osteocytes or bone cells.
Canaliculi
Small channels (canaliculi) radiate from lacunae to osteonic canal to provide passageway through hard matrix.
Canaliculi route is for nutrients and oxygen to reach osteocytes and wastes to diffuse away.
Facilitating movement of material from cell to cell.
Perforating canal/Volkmann's canals
Perforating canal are small channel's, which are empty spaces that allow blood vessels, lymph vessel and nerve from periosteum enter into bone.
Perforating canals are not enclosed by concentric canal.
Interstitial lamellae
The area or space between osteons contains or occupies by interstitial lamellae. Interstitial lamellae are fragments of older osteons, that have been partially damaged during bone replacement.
Circumferential lemellae
Outer surface of compact bone are covered by circumferential lamellae which are flat plates that extend around bone.
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