Kwashiorkor
1. Due to deficiency of protein in diet.
2. Edema
3. Moon face
4. Protruding abdomen
5. Fatty liver is seen
6. Nail plates are thin and soft (may fissured or ridged)
7. Depigmentation of ski
8. Muscle wasting of upper limb but lower limb sowllen
9. Anemia
10. Dermatosis ( skin lesion)
11. Loss of appetite
12. Mental retardation
13. Serum protein low
14. Failure to thrive (height and weight fall below)
15. Hair changes very prominent (flag sign), alternate bands of hypopigmented.
16. Often suffer from recurrent episodes of Diarrhea, respiratory and skin infection.
17. Skin hyperpigmented (flaky paint), petechiae or ecchymosis appear in severe cases.
Marasmus
1. Due to deficiency of both calories and proteins
2. Severe muscle wasting
3. Sunken features (eyes)
4. Loss of subcutaneous fat and body weight
5. Wrinkled skin
6. Thin and bony face
7. Ribs clearly visible through skin
8. Hair are hypopigmented (dull brown or yellow in colour)
9. Face aged look, due to loss of subcutaneous fat of cheeks (buccal pads).
10. No edema present
11. Temperature is usually subnormal and pulse is slow.
12. Severe growth retardation
13. No hepatic enlargement
14. Dry atrophic skin
15. Mental change
16. Loss of weight
17. Skin appear dry, scaly, inelastic and is prone to infection.
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