Nasopharyngitis

 Nasopharygitis 

Common cold/ rhinosinusitis 

Inflammation of nasopharynx.

Etiology

Caused by virus; inflames Membrane lining of nose and throat.

Rhinovirus

Coronavirus

Parainfluenza virus

Adenovirus

Enterovirus

Respiratory syncytial virus

Pathophysiology

Viruses entered body

Causes reaction body immune system, start reacting to virus.

Turn causes inflammation of nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Inflammatory process associated with tissue swelling and exudation leading nasal congestion and running nose.

Clinical features/ manifestation

Nasal drainage

Nasal congestion

Breathing difficulty

Sneezing

Coughing

Sore throat

Malaise

Poor appetite

Management

1.Antibiotics no treat common cold.

2. Reduce discomfort and fever;

Non- aspirin analgesics

Antipyretics 

3. Decongestant nose drop/ cough supressant;

To older infants and children.

4. Relief by gargling with warm saline solution (for older children)

Nursing Management

1. Severity and duration of illness (History)

2. Character of nasal discharge, hydration Status, presence of respiratory stress.

3. Position of child head elevated.

4. Bulb syringe used to suction out nasal secretion.

5. Increase fluid intake; keep nasopharyngeal mucosa moist and prevent dehydration.

6. Cool mist humidifier placed in room.

7. Child kept away from irritants

8. Teach use of handkerchief and tissue paper to cover mouth and nose when sneezing.

9. Regular hand washing after sneezing or blowing the nose.