Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL)
ALL develops when lymphoid cell line is affected. ALL accounts for 80% of all childhood leukemias.
Etiology
Virus
Radiation
Exposure to certain toxic chemicals/ drugs
Genetic Predisposition
Types of Acute Lymphoid Leukemia
There are four types of ALL;
1. T cell leukemia
It account for 10-15% cases of ALL in children. Mostly seen in male child.
Clinical manifestation
1. Mediastinal mass; area of chest that separate lungs
2. Hepatospleenomegaly
3. Hight WBC count
4. CNS involvement
T cell leukemia has poor prognosis.
2. B cell leukemia
B cell leukemia seen in 1-2% children of ALL.
Aggressive form of Leukemia and has poor prognosis.
3. Pre- B cell
It has good prognosis and respond well to therapy.
4. Null cell leukemia
Most common childhood type of ALL, occuring in 75% cases of ALL.
It has better prognosis and respond well to therapy.
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