Tracheostomy
Tracheostomy is surgically created an opening or hole at the front of neck going into trachea (windpipe) usually between third and fourth rings of cartilage. The opening is known as stoma.
A tracheostomy tube is placed into the hole to keep it open for breathing. The term for the surgical procedure to create this opening is tracheotomy.
If required, tube can be connected to an oxygen supply and breathing machine called a ventilator.
A tube is usually placed through this opening to provide an airway and to remove secretions from the lungs.
Reasons for a Tracheostomy
1. For prolonged respiratory or ventilator support
2. Congenital abnormalities of the airway
3. Airway burns from the inhalation of corrosive material
4. Obstruction of airway
5. Obstructive sleep apnea
6. Injury to the larynx (voice box)
7. Severe neck or mouth injuries
8. Facial burns or surgery
9. Anaphylaxis
10. Coma
11. Cancers that affect the head and neck
12. Infection
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