deviated nasal septum

 Deviated Nasal Septum

Deviated nasal septum is disorder of nose, involving displacement of nasal septum.

Deviated nasal septum occurs when thin wall (nasal septum) catilaginous ridge displaced to one side inside nose.

Septum separates right and left nasal cavity and situated in centre of nose, equally separating nose into two equal nasal cavity.

When nasal septum displaced, making one nasal passage smaller, can cause obstruction f affected nasal passages, can result in poor sinus drainage.

Deviated septum occurs when the nasal septum, cartilage and bone are off-center that separates the nasal cavity.

Causes

1. Displaced thin catilaginous ridge

2. Congenital disorder

3. Compression of nose during childbirth

4. Trauma of nose

5. Marfan syndrome

Types of Nasal Septum Deviation 

1. Nasal septal spur

Spurs are small outgrowths of cartilage or bone inside the nose.

This deformity result from vertical compression force or fructure occur in nasal septum during injury.

2. Deviation of nasal septum

Deviation of nasal septum may be C shaped or S shaped.

 S-shaped curvature of nasal septum. C -shaped curvature of nasal septum.

3. Dislocation of nasal septum 

Septal cartilage displaced from its medial postion to one side.

Clinical Manifestations

1. Obstruction of one or both nostrils

2. Nasal congestion

3. Nosebleed

4. Noisy breathing during sleep

5. Loss of smell

Diagnostic Evaluatiom

1. Physical examination;

Nosebleed, nasal congestion, examine inside nose shape and size of nostrils, inadequate size of nostrils

Management

1. Decongestants

Helps to keep both sides of nose airway open.

2. Antihistamines

Prevent cold and allergy symptoms.

3. Nasal cortisone sprays;

Reduce inflammation in nasal passage.

Surgical Management

1. Septoplasty

Make incision inside nose, lift up the lining of septum, remove the deviated portion of septal bone inside the nostrils.

2. Rhinoplasty

Reshape the nose.

3. Submucous Resection

Remove cartilage and bone from deviated area.

Complication

1. Chronic sinus infection 

2. Post-nasal drip

3. Nasal congestion

4. Nosebleeds

5. Headache