Hypodermic Needle and Sizes
A needle is
a hollow shaft whose tip is
sharp commonly used with a syringe to inject substances into
the body or extract samples from the body.
For
example; taking a blood sample from a vein in venipuncture.
Check out here parts
of needle and syringe.
Needles are used to injecting medication in-
1. Fatty tissue; subcutaneous
injection
2. Into a muscle; intramuscular injection
3. Into dermis; intradermal
injection or
4. Directly into the vein; intravenous injection
Get here details on intravenous
injection for intravenous drug administration.
Types of Medical Needle
Needles are available in a range of gauges
and lengths.
1. Regular bevel
2. Short bevel
3. Intradermal bevel
4. 5-bevel
5. Blunt tips
6. Safety tips
1. Regular Bevel
Regular bevel is the most common
tip type of needle, used for subcutaneous and intramuscular injections.
Regular bevel is the sharpest point available for
hypodermic needles.
2. Short Bevel tip
Short bevel tips are used for specialty
applications such as arterial blood gas sampling or nerve blocks.
Short Bevel tip type of needle
allows penetration of the skin and delivery of local anesthetic to
the desired anatomical location.
3. Intradermal Bevel
Intradermal bevel offers low-angle
insertions just below the epidermis means dermis skin layer.
Intradermal bevel needle tip is a used
method for skin testing for allergies.
4. 5-Bevel
5-Bevel type of needle found to be less painful for patients.
A 5-bevel
needle is most preferable, more
comfortable, easier to insert, and less painful.
5. Blunt tips or Dispensing Needles
Blunt tips
needle is specially designed to help to reduce the risk of needle stick injury
during medication preparation like filling syringe from mediation vial or
filling a syringe from an ampule.
Note - Blunt fill needles
are never to be used for skin injection.
Blunt-tip syringes are used to inject medication into an IV
line and also use to flush the IV line with saline solution.
6. Safety tips
Safety tips type needles protect the user
from accidental needle stick injuries. They are available in safety glide,
shielding.
Know here different types of
syringe tips.
Medical Use of Needle
Some of the medical needles used as-
1. Hypodermic Needles
2. Huber Needles
3. Spinal Needles
4. Pen/Insulin Needle
5. Dialysis and Fistula Needles
1. Hypodermic Needles
A hypodermic needle is used to inject liquid
substances into the body and also used to take for sampling from the
body.
2. Huber Needles
Suitable for all cases when a long-term
intake of chemotherapy drugs, antibiotics, painkillers, as well blood
transfusion, and full parenteral nutrition is given to the patient.
3. Spinal Needles
Spinal needles allow for lumbar puncture for spinal
anesthesia, diagnosis, or treatment.
It is used for a lumbar puncture to take cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF) sample.
4. Pen/Insulin Needle
Insulin injections are to inject insulin under the skin subcutaneously. Insulin injection can be injected-
1. In the arms
2. In the Abdomen
3. In the thighs
4. In the buttocks
5. Dialysis and Fistula Needles
This Needle is designed specifically for hemodialysis
cannulation.
Length of Needle
Length range of needle; ½ inch-3½ inches
For example,
22G 1/2 needle - gauge of 22 and a length of
half (1/2) an inch.
Size of Needle- Needle Gauge
Diameter range of needle; 6 Gauge - 34 Gauge.
The needle gauge size indicates, the diameter of
the lumen (opening) of a needle.
Note - The
higher of needle gauge, the smaller the diameter of the needle.
As the needle gauge number increases, the
size (diameter) of the needle decreases.
For example,
27 G needle has a narrower lumen than a 17 G needle.
Insertion of higher gauge number needle,
less pain experienced by the patient.
The lower needle Gauge number is stronger
and less chance of bending or breaking.
Check out here what is iv cannula and
types of iv cannula, and their uses.
Choose Needle Gauge Sizes for Administration
1. Subcutaneous injection
For subcutaneous injections, the needle
required is small and short, with a gauge of 19G to 27G.
2. Intramuscular injection
For intramuscular injection, the needle must be
thicker and longer.
20G or 22 G needles- 1 inch or 1½ inch long are usually best.
3. Intradermal injection
The needle gauge recommendation for Intradermal injection is 26G
to 28G.
Needle Color Coding
The color-coding of the needle hub indicates the needle
diameter according to ISO 6009 standard.
Use needle hub color coding for the identification of the outside diameter of the hypodermic needles.
21G needles are the most commonly used for Venipuncture or blood draws.
16G or 17G needles are commonly used for blood donation.
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