Proteasome - Definition, Structure and Function

What is Proteasome?

 

Proteasomes are large protein complexes that degrade or destroy unneeded or damaged proteins by a process called proteolysis (protein broken down into small peptides into amino acids). It is a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds with the help of enzymes proteases.

 

Proteasomes are made up of proteins complex. A body cell has many thousands of proteasomes organelle in both cyotosol and nucleus. These resemble like tiny barrel structures.

 

Proteasomes' function is to recognize unneeded, damaged, or faulty proteins and continuously degraded within cells, which can be recycle into new proteins and also destroy faulty organelle in the cell or apoptosis then recycle aged or damaged organelles.

Proteasome Structure

Function of Proteasomes

 

A key function of proteasomes includes –

 

1. Proteasomes recognized damaged protein, misfolded proteins, and targeted for degradation of cell protein by proteolysis, break down into smaller.

 

2. It plays important role in the regulation of proteins, cell-cycle progression, apoptosis, cell- differentiation, and signal transduction.