Connective tissue is a group of tissues that connect other tissues together and provide cohesion, internal support and maintain the form of the body and its organs.
Check out here types of
connective tissue.
Components of Connective Tissue
1. Matrix; material between cells
2. Connective tissue cell
Know
here the function
of connective tissue.
1. Matrix
A. Ground Substance
Ground substance is semi-fluid to thick gel; it can be
calcified, hardening also.
It occupies space between cells and fibres in connective
tissue.
A ground substance such as water, salts, and other molecules
substance contained mainly-
1. Proteoglycans
2. Glycoprotein
Function of Ground Substance
1. Support cells and bind them together
2. Media for exchange of substances capillaries and tissue
cell
3. Barrier against
harmful substance
4. Act as lubricants
5. Store water
6. Shock absorber
7. Proliferation of tissues
8. Medium for intercellular exchange
9. Development, movement and metabolism of tissue
B. Protein Fibres
Protein fibres provide strength and support.
Protein fibers in connective tissue have three groups-
1. Collagen Fibers
2. Reticular Fibers
3. Elastic Fibers
1. Collagen Fibers
Collagen fibers are synthesized by connective tissue
fibroblasts. It is composed of collagen, elastic fiber, and protein.
Collagen
fibers are thick, strong, flexible, and resist stretch, it provides rigid
support as well as elasticity.
Location
1. Bone
2. Cartilage
3. Tendons
4. Ligaments
5. Dermis
Function
1. Fibres add strength to connective tissue.
2. Support and protect organs.
3. Fibres connect muscles to bones and bones to bones.
Collagen Fibres Types
1. Collagen-I; found in bones, tendons, organs
2. Collagen II; found mainly in cartilage
3. Collagen-III; found mainly in reticular fibres
4. Collagen-IV; found in the basement membrane of cell membranes
5. Collagen-V; found in nails, hair
2. Reticular fibre
Reticular fibre in connective tissue is composed of type-III
collagen secreted by reticular cells. It is produced by testicular cell fibroblasts.
Reticular fibers is net-like not elastic highly branched
fibre, it crosslink to form a fine meshwork.
Location
1. Fat cells
2. Nerve fibre
3. Skeletal and smooth muscle cell
Function
1. Provide support, form network around soft organ – Spleen,
Lymph node, Bone marrow
2. Help to form baseline membrane.
3. Elastic Fibre
Elastic fibre is stretched easily when they are pulled and
returns to its original state when force is removed.
Location
1. Skin
2. Blood vessel
3. Lung
Function
1. Give resilience to stretch or recoil stretch easily.
2. Stretch and recoil
2. Connective Tissue Cells
Specialized cells of connective tissue produce extracellular
material.
1. Blasts
Produce the matrix; water matrix.
For example- Osteoblasts; cell that from bone
2. Cytes
Mature cells, it maintains a matrix.
For example- Osteocytes; maintain bone
3. Clasts
Cells break down for remodeling.
For example- Osteoclasts; break bone matrix.
Based on Ability- 3 Types of Connective Tissue
1. Fixed cells
2. Wandering cells
3. Fat cells
1. Fixed Cells
a. Fibroblasts
Cell secretes fibres and ground substance of extracellular
matrix. It play important role in wound healing.
Responsible for-
1. Cartilage formation (chondroblasts)
2. Osteoclasts
b. Fibrocytes (Reticular cell)
Reticular cell produces reticular fibres and surrounds fibres
with their cytoplasm.
2. Wandering Cells
Wandering cells or transient cells are
found in connective tissue but are not fixed in place. They provide
protection and repair.
For example, Leukocytes (White blood cells), Plasma cell; B-cells, mast cells, lymphocytes, macrophages
3. Fat cells or Adipocytes or Adipose cells
Fat cells store energy in form of fat.
Location
Found an around organ-
Kidney, Heart, Deep to skin
Get details on what is
tissue in the body and what are types of tissue?
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