Blood Clotting
Purpose of blood clotting is to plug the ruptured vessels so as to stop bleeding and prevent loss of vital body fluid.
Blood Clotting Mechanism
1. Coagulation factors/ clotting factors
Clotting involves several enzymes and other chemical.
Coagulation factors are proteins found within plasma.
Most coagulation factors synthesized in liver and released into blood plasma.
Some are released by platelets.
Thromboplastin is released from damaged tissue cells.
Fibrinogen is protein found in blood plasma. After injury, clotting factors are activated to produce a clot.
Factor I; Synthesized in liver and they are described as fibrinogen (protein, essential for prepare blood clot formation).
Factor ll; Synthesized in liver and described as prothrombin.
Factor lll; Activated during any injury and described as thromboplastin.
Factor lV; It is inherited by food we eat and these are calcium ions.
Factor V; Synthesized in liver and are also present in platelets.
Factor Vll; Synthesized in liver and act as prothrombin conversion accelerator.
Factor Vlll; Present in platelets and endothelial cell.
Factor lX; Synthesized in liver and is described as plasma thromboplastic component.
Factor X; Synthesized in liver, they are also found in serum and plasma and aids in conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin.
Factor XI; Synthesized in liver and described as plasma thromboplastin antecedent.
Factor XII; Synthesized in liver and are also present in platelets. This is activated when blood doesn't coagulate in normal period.
Factor XIll; Present in platelets and described as fibrin stabilizing factor.
Prothrombin activates in combination of activated factor V and X . There is no factor VI.
2. Blood Clot
Three stages of blood clotting are -
Stage 1; formation of prothrombin activator
Stage 2; Conversion of prothrombin into enzyme thrombin
Stage 3: Conversion of Fibrinogen (soluble) to fibrin (insoluble)
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