antibiotics

 Antibiotics

1. Broad spectrum antibiotics

2. Narrow sepectrum antibiotics 

Penicillin

1. Natural

Penicillin -G

2. Semi- synthetic

a. Acid resistance

Penicillin -V

b. Penicillinase resistance

Methicillin

Oxacillin

Cloxacillin

Nafcillin 

3. Aminopenicillins

Amoxicillin

Bacampicillin

4. Antipseudomonal penicillins

a. Carboxypenicillins

Carbenicillin

Carbenicllin indanyl 

Ticarcillin

b. Ureidopenicillins 

Azlocillin

Mezlocillin

Pipracillin

2. Cephalosporins

a. First generation

Oral;

Cephalexin

Cefadroxil

Parenteral;

Cephalothin

Cefazolin

b. Second generation

Oral;

Cefachlor

Cefuroxime

Parenteral;

Cefamandol

Cefuroxime

Cefotetan

Cofoxitin

c. Third generation

Oral;

Cefixime

Cefpodoxime Proxetil

Parenteral;

Cefotaxime

Ceftriaxone

Cefoperazone

Ceftizoxime

Ceftazidime 

d. Fourth generation

Cefpirome

Cefepime

3. Aminoglycosides

1. Systemic aminoglycosides

Streptomycin

Amikacin

Gentamicin

Tobramycin

Kanamycin

Netilmicin 

2. Topical 

Neomycin

Gentamicin 

Framycetin 

Soframycin

4. Macrolide

a. Macrolides

Erythromycin

Clarithromycin

Azithromycin

Roxithromycin

Spiramycin

b. Ketolides; derived from macrolides

Telithromycin

Erythromycin ointment

5. Sulfonamides or Sulfa Drug

1. Short-acting

Sulfisoxazole 

Sulfadiazine

2. Intermediate acting 

Sulfamethoxazole

Co-trimoxazole (composed of sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim

3. Long-acting

Sulfadoxine

Sulfamethoxypyridazine

4. Topical 

Mefenide

Silver sulfadiazine cream

Sulfacetamide 

5. Poorly absorbed

Sulfasalazine

6. Quinolones (1st generation)

Fluoroquinolones (2nd 3rd and 4th generation)

1. Quinolones; 1st generation

Cinoxacin

Nalidixic acid

Oxolinic acid 

2. Fluoroquinolones

a. Second generation 

Ciprofloxacin

Fleroxacin

Enoxacin

Levofloxacin

Norfloxacin

Lomefloxacin

Ofloxacin

Peloxacin

Rulfloxacin 

b.Third generation 

Gatifloxacin

Sparfloxacin

c. Fourth generation 

Gemfloxacin

Trovafloxacin

Moxifloxacin

Clinafloxacin