Epispadias
Epispadias is a congenital abnormal urethral opening on the dorsal surface of penis.
Classification of epispadias
1. Anterior epispadias with normal continence
Glanular; positioned of glans
Penile; shaft if penis
2. Posterior epispadias associated with incomplete bladder neck and incontinence of urine
Penopubic; near pubic bone at base of penis
In female child
1. Bifid clitoris with no incontinence of urine.
2. Subsymphyseal (urethral opening beneath symphysis pubis) with incontinence of urine.
Management
1. Reconstructive procedure
a. Penile lengthening, elongation of urethral strip and chordae correction.
b. Bladder neck reconstruction and correction of VUR (Vesico- urethral reflux).
2. Cytoplasty
Enhance bladder capacity
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