presumptive probable and positive sign of pregnancy

 Presumptive, Probable and Positive Sign of Pregnancy

Presumptive Sign of Pregnancy

Subjective change that are experienced and reported by women.

1. Amenorrhea

2. Morning sickness/nausea/vomiting

3. Fatigue

4. Breast discomfort; tenderness in breast

5. Quickening; feeling of life in womb 

6. Frequency of micturition

7. Skin change pigmentation

P; Period absent 

R; Really tired 

E; Enlarged breasts

S; Sore breasts 

U; Urination increased 

M; Movement perceived 

E; Emesis

Probable Sign of Pregnancy 

Probable signs of pregnancy are signs that examiner can observed;

P; positive pregnancy test

R; return of fetus when uterus pushed with finger; ballottement 

O; outline of fetus palpated 

B; Braxton-Hicks contraction (false contraction)

A; a softening of cervix (Goodell's sign)

B; bluish discoloration of vagina (Chadwick's sign)

L; lower uterine segment soft; upper part body of uterus is enlarged by growing fetus and lower body of uterus is empty and extremely soft.

E; enlarged uterus (piskacek's sign)

O; osiander's sign; increased pulsation in vagina.

Positive or Obsolute Signs

Positive sign of pregnancy are those sign that are definitely confirmed as pregnanc;

1. FHR; fetal heart rate 

2. USG; ultrasonography of fetus 

3. Palpable fetal movement

4. X-ray