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Factors Affecting Growth and Development

 Factors Affecting Growth and Development

1. Hereditary genetic factor

2. Environmental factor

a. Prenatal environment

b. Postnatal environment

3. Other factor

1. Hereditary genetic factor

a. Hereditary

b.Race

c. Sex

d. Biorhythm and maturation

e. Genetic disorder

Chromosomal Abnormality

Down syndrome

Gene mutation

Galactosemia; carbohydrate metabolism disorder; affect ability to convert galactose to glucose.


2. Environmental factors

a. Prenatal environment

1. Maternal Metabolic disorder (diabetes mellitus)

2. Nutritional deficiency; anaemia

3. Infectious diseases; rubella

4. Drug administration to mother; teratogenic agent. Such as ; thalidomide; cancer treatment

5. Obstetrics disorder; pre-eclampsia

6. Maternal hormone; thyroxine deficiency, insulin


b. Postnatal environment

1. Nutrition

2. Infection and infestation

3. Chemical

4. Trauma


c. Other factors

1. Socioeconomic status

Hygiene

Nutrition

2. Cultural factor

Child rearing and feeding practices

3. Emotional factor; anxiety, insecurity, lack of emotional support, Broken home, Orphanage, Affect neurochemical regulation of hormone.

Affect neurochemical regulation of hormone.


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