Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes complication that affects eye caused by damage to blood vessel of light sensitive tissue at back of eye (retina).
Stages of Diabetic Ratinopathy
1. Non-proliferative or background diabetic retinopathy
Blood vessel in retina damaged; leak fluid or blood; causes retina to swell and form deposits called exudates.
2. Macular edema
Fluid and exudates collects in macula (part of retina that allow us to see fine details; this decreasing vision.
3. Proliferative Diabetic Ratinopathy
(Advance stage)
In case new fragile blood vessel grow on surface of retina (nevovascularization).
New vessels very fragile and bleed easily; jelly like substance fills center of eye; vitreous hemorrhage and develop scar tissue. This can pull retina away from back of eye (Retinal Detachment).
Prevent light from reaching retina.
Management
1. Laser treatment; treat with laser.
a. Diabetic maculopathy
Treating be applying laser spots in region of macula to seal leaking blood vessels.
b. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Help abnormal new vessels to shrink and disappear.
Surgical
1. Vitrectomy
Remove blood filled vitreous and replaces it with fluid; light can reach retina now.
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